Questionnaires are mailed to the respondent whereas schedules are carried by the investigator himself. 
Questionnaires can be filled by the respondent only if he is able to understand the language in which it is written and he is supposed to be a literate. 
This problem can be overcome in case of schedule since the investigator himself carries the schedules and the respondent’s response is accordingly taken. 
A questionnaire is filled by the respondent himself whereas the schedule is filled by the investigator.