Answers:

The term ‘experiment’ means a systematic procedure that is carried out in a controlled environment to discover some unknown effects or to validate a hypothesis. Similarly, DOE as a technique deals with discovering the relationship between the process inputs and outputs. In simpler words, DOE is a systematic approach of evaluating the production processes of organisations to find out the process inputs that have very significant effects
on the process outputs, i.e., the final products. Let us take an example to understand the concept more clearly. Suppose, an electronic company manufactures amplifiers. The typical inputs in the production process are
W: the width of the microstrip lines,
R: a resistor and
C: a capacitor.
In this case, the role of DOE is to evaluate all these inputs of the production process and determine the effect of each design inputs on the final output. Therefore, DOE helps in answering the following questions regarding the production process:

·         What are the critical factors in a process?
·         What is the effect of interaction of the factors in the output of the process?

·         How do the interaction of the factors cause variations in the output?