Answers:
Michael Hammer defines re-engineering as ‘the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of Business process to achieve dramatic improvements in the critical contemporary measures of performance such as cost, quality, service and speed’.
The approach to re-engineering aims at customer focus. It requires one to take a different view of the business-the view based on the process and not on the tasks or functions. It requires organisation restructuring and redesigning based on the process, which terminates at the customer door contributing to the value desired by the customer.

The definition of re-engineering is loaded with a number of important concepts and its understanding is necessary for successful re-engineering of business. The first and the foremost is fundamental rethinking. The fundamental rethinking calls for questioning everything that is being followed practiced and found acceptable for centuries. It rejects old legacies and ‘proven’ practices. For example, one can question the necessity of an invoice for billing and recovery of money. Is there any other way whereby the sales transaction can be registered and money recovered without raising the invoice document? It requires questioning on the basic principles of management and administration which are used for decades. The old principles like when it is a money matter it is for finance and accounts to handle, when it is a matter of quality it is the responsibility of the quality assurance department, etc. are to be rejected. The fundamental rethinking calls for starting all over again rejecting the past. It requires a vision, an innovation and an imagination.