Answer:
The act of conducting or carrying out
a deal or business agreement, an exchange or trade, as of ideas, money etc. A
transaction is the smallest unit of business activity, may be uses of records
are themselves transactions. Transactions are mainly observed at the bottom
level of the management. Plenty of operational activities at the bottom level
result in one or more transactions. Every transaction may be considered to
generate information. The information generated can be highly structured.
Structured information is easy to process further. Examples – payroll system,
transport ticket reservation system, purchase order entry system, marks
tabulation system etc.
Output of such systems may be of
printed type or display type on the monitor of the computer. TPS may further be
classified as online systems or batch systems. In online systems there is
direct interaction of the operator and the TPS system. In batch systems
activities of the same type are batched into groups and then processed.
TPS offers the following
characteristics. These characteristics are responsible for the TPS to perform
methodical, standardized and reliable transactions.
·
Reliability:
TPS incorporate safeguard and disaster recovery methods to ensure transaction
security and also remain operational permanently.
·
Rapid
processing: TPS process transactions very fast due to the virtual transaction
processing.
·
Standardization:
To maximize efficiency of the transactions, TPS interfaces consider identical
data for every transaction, irrespective of the customer.
·
Controlled
access: TPS is capable enough to restrict the access to those who lack the
skills of controlling the transactions.
·
Transaction
processing qualifiers: System must possess ACID test if it has to be considered
as TPS.
–
Atomicity
–
Consistency
–
Isolation
–
Durability
Examples of online systems: enquiry,
checking availability of tickets etc. Examples of batch systems: entering
parcel details belonging to one destination, processing students’ marks in one
subject etc.